Non-nuclear weapon states arrived at the conference with legitimate frustration. Nuclear arsenals are being modernized at enormous cost. The New START Treaty expired in February 2026 without a successor framework — the…

The 11th NPT Review Conference is a pivotal moment for the global nuclear order. Its importance lies not only in the specific outcomes it may produce but also in what it represents: a test of the international community’s ability to cooperate in the face of shared existential risks. Success would reaffirm the relevance of the NPT. Failure would…

The relationship between Resolution 80/23 and India’s 2026 CD statement illustrates a recurring challenge in contemporary arms control: how to build durable global norms in a world of divergent security contexts. Both documents share a foundational conviction — that human judgment must remain at the core of nuclear decision-making, and that AI…

For India, this raises complex challenges. Historically, India has positioned itself as a strong advocate of anti-colonialism and sovereignty. However, in the current context, its responses have often appeared measured and cautious, despite the direct implications for its interests—ranging from energy security and regional stability to…