In a world increasingly divided by conflict, intolerance, and misunderstanding, Sufism emerges as a beacon of hope, offering a rich tapestry of teachings and practices that promote peace and harmony. As the mystical dimension of Islam, Sufism emphasizes love, compassion, and a direct experience of the divine, inviting followers and unfollowers alike to embrace its universal message.

What is Sufism?

At its core, Sufism is not merely a sect of Islam; it is a spiritual journey that transcends the boundaries of religion. Sufis seek a personal connection with God through inner transformation, meditation, and the cultivation of virtues such as love and humility. Unlike more dogmatic interpretations of Islam, Sufism focuses on the heart’s experience. It emphasizes a deep understanding of oneself and one’s relationship with the divine. Today, millions worldwide identify with various Sufi orders, from the whirling dervishes of Turkey to the qawwali singers of South Asia.

Who are Sufis?

Sufis are practitioners of Sufism, often organized into various brotherhoods known as "tariqas." These communities can be found across the globe, from the heart of the Middle East to the diverse landscapes of South Asia and beyond. The teachings of prominent Sufi figures, such as Rumi and Al-Ghazali, highlight the importance of love and the quest for truth, inviting people from all walks of life to engage with their message.

How Sufism Works

Sufism operates on principles that facilitate spiritual growth and foster peace. At its heart lies the process of inner transformation, where individuals engage in self-reflection and meditation to purify their hearts from negative emotions like anger and hatred. The practice of dhikr, or remembrance of God, plays a crucial role in this journey, allowing followers to cultivate a profound sense of inner tranquility.

Sufis also emphasize community and brotherhood, often gathering to engage in worship, discussion, and acts of service. This communal aspect fosters bonds of solidarity and compassion, reinforcing the idea that the path to peace begins within and radiates outward.

Recent events in Pakistan illustrate this divide. When extremists attacked the shrine of Lal Shahbaz Qalandar in 2017, the local Sufi community responded not with calls for revenge but by organizing peace rallies and interfaith gatherings.

Sufism vs. Other Beliefs

While Sufism celebrates diversity and encourages tolerance, it stands in stark contrast to more rigid interpretations of Islam, such as Wahhabism and Salafism. These movements often prioritize doctrinal purity and strict adherence to traditional practices, sometimes leading to exclusionary attitudes towards other beliefs. Sufism, on the other hand, embraces an approach that is more inclusive, focusing on love and personal experience rather than dogma,

Eradicating Islamophobia

In the face of rising Islamophobia, Sufism offers a powerful antidote. Its teachings promote dialogue and understanding between different faiths, helping to dispel misconceptions about Islam. Through art, poetry, and community engagement, Sufis humanize the faith, fostering empathy and goodwill among diverse populations. The works of Rumi, a 13th-century Sufi poet, are among the best-selling poetry in the West today. His verses, such as "Out beyond ideas of wrongdoing and right-doing, there is a field. I'll meet you there," have inspired people across faiths and nationalities, countering Islamophobic stereotypes by presenting a vision of Islam centered on unity and love.Similarly, Sufi music, including qawwalis by artists like Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, has captivated global audiences, showcasing the inclusive and joyous essence of Sufism.

A bridge to other religions

Sufism’s relationship with other religions is characterized by respect and recognition of shared values. Sufi leaders often participate in interfaith initiatives, promoting cooperation and understanding. This engagement not only builds bridges between communities but also fosters a sense of secularism, where religious authority does not dominate public life. In India, the Ajmer Sharif Dargah attracts millions of visitors annually - Muslims, Hindus, Sikhs, and Christians alike. "Here, we don't see religion, we see humanity," says Syed Salman Chishty, a custodian of the shrine. "This is the essence of Sufism."

Promoting communal harmony

Sufism’s emphasis on love and compassion can play a vital role in establishing communal harmony and combating religious extremism. By fostering peaceful coexistence, Sufis encourage individuals to see others as brothers and sisters, thereby nurturing a culture of cooperation. Their explicit rejection of violence and hatred serves as a powerful counter-narrative to the rhetoric of terrorist groups that misuse religion to justify their actions. Walk into any major Sufi shrine, from Istanbul's Rumi Mausoleum to Delhi's Nizamuddin Dargah, and you'll find a fascinating mix of people. Business executives in suits sit alongside rural farmers, all seeking spiritual guidance from their Sufi masters, known as “Murshids”.

Practices that cultivate peace

The practices and approaches of Sufism are integral to its mission of promoting peace. The rituals of dhikr create an atmosphere of tranquility, while community service initiatives reflect a commitment to social justice. Sufi poetry and music, rich with themes of love and unity, resonate widely, inviting people to experience spirituality in a manner that transcends cultural boundaries.

Mentorship within Sufi communities offers guidance and support, creating a nurturing environment that fosters personal growth and communal bonds.

-  In Morocco, the Boutchichiyya Sufi order runs educational programs combining spiritual teachings with conflict resolution skills.

-  Pakistani Sufi musicians use qawwali performances to bring together communities divided by sectarian tensions.

-  In war-torn regions like Syria, Sufi humanitarian organizations provide aid while promoting reconciliation.

Sufism teaches religious unity 

Sufism offers a timeless model for achieving peace and harmony in society. By emphasizing love, tolerance, and universal values, it dismantles the barriers of hate and prejudice, whether caused by interfaith tensions or extremist ideologies.

In today’s polarized world, embracing Sufism's ethos could be instrumental in healing societal rifts, eradicating Islamophobia, and fostering a culture of coexistence. Sufism reminds us that the essence of religion is not division but unity—a unity that binds all humanity in the shared pursuit of love and peace.

(The writer is a Dhaka-based columnist and activist. Views are personal. He can be contacted at fbzahir@gmail.com)